[Answer] 2. My next stop is further west and is in Africa. Of which city did the Roman Cato the Elder say "____ must be destroyed."

Step 1 : Introduction to the question "2. My next stop is further west and is in Africa. Of which city did the Roman Cato the Elder say "____ must be destroyed.""

...1. Athens 2. Londinium 3. Ephesus 4. Carthage Dear Diary, Standing on the ruins of ancient Carthage as the sun is setting I can hear Cato's ominous words and I am chilled. Carthage was built by the Phoenicians, a great trading nation in the Mediterranean, in the ninth century BC. It was located on the north coast of Africa near the modern city of Tunis. It was a powerful and wealthy city and as Rome grew from an agricultural state to one that sought to expand, the Roman leaders decided that it was necessary to reduce Carthage's power. In the first Punic War Rome took Carthage's settlements in Sicily. Under the great Carthaginian general, Hannibal, an attempt was made to redress this victory and he defeated the Roman army at Cannae and occupied much of the Italian peninsula for fifteen years. He was forced to return home to defend his city where the Romans had launched an attack. He was defeated at the Battle of Zama where the Roman general, Scipio Africanus, used his own tactics against him. Carthage was forced to pay huge indemnities to Rome, but it still controlled the trade routes from the eastern to the western Mediterranean and became a rich important city again. It was decided that Carthage must be destroyed and its fields sown with salt so that it could never revive. All the libraries and every document was destroyed so that today all we know of the Carthaginian society come from Roman sources. Today a tourist only can see the remains of Roman occupation in the area, from when it was used as a settlement for retired soldiers, but an expedition by the University of Amsterdam in the 2000/2001 season located a few Carthaginian houses from about the fifth century BC. The team thought that there had been a system of radial roads rotating out from the summit of the Byrsa hill. Another interesting place to visit is the Cathedral of St Louis which was built in the 19th century on the spot that Louis IX is reputed to have died due to illness while on a Crusade in 1270.

Step 2 : Answer to the question "2. My next stop is further west and is in Africa. Of which city did the Roman Cato the Elder say "____ must be destroyed.""

Carthage:

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