[Answer] 6. He was a cardiac surgeon who performed the first successful human-to-human heart transplant in 1967.

Step 1 : Introduction to the question "6. He was a cardiac surgeon who performed the first successful human-to-human heart transplant in 1967."

...1. Hamilton Naki 2. Christiaan Barnard 3. Lipmann Kessel 4. Norman Shumway Christiaan Neethling Barnard was born on 8 November 1922 in Beaufort West, South Africa. He was one of five sons though one of his brothers died at the age of 5 due to heart problems. After completing his internship and residency at the Groote Schuur Hospital in Cape Town, he became a general practitioner in Ceres in the Western Cape province. He returned to Cape Town in 1951 where he worked at the City Hospital and at the Groote Schuur Hospital. He obtained his Master's degree and doctorate in medicine from the University of Cape Town in 1953. In 1956 he studied cardio thoracic surgery at the University of Minnesota for two years on a scholarship. He returned to South Africa in 1958 where he was appointed cardio thoracic surgeon at the Groote Schuur Hospital and he established the hospital's first heart unit. He first performed kidney transplants while experimenting with animal heart transplants. On 3 December 1967 he performed the world's first human heart transplant operation. The patient was 55-year-old Louis Washkansky who suffered from diabetes and an incurable heart disease. The operation was successful but he died of pneumonia 18 days later. Barnard's second heart transplant patient lived for 19 months. However another patient, Mrs Dorothy Fisher, lived for another 24 years after she has received a heart transplant and she was Barnard's longest surviving patient. In 1983 he retired after he contracted rheumatoid arthritis in his hands. While on holiday in Paphos, Cyprus, Barnard died as the result of an acute asthma attack on 2 September 2001. The Barnard family is a good South African family, my late wife was a distant cousin of Christiaan Barnard.

Step 2 : Answer to the question "6. He was a cardiac surgeon who performed the first successful human-to-human heart transplant in 1967."

Christiaan Barnard:

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