[Answer] 5. Of the five richest men ever to live in America pre-1900, one was a native Scot. Who was he?

Step 1 : Introduction to the question "5. Of the five richest men ever to live in America pre-1900, one was a native Scot. Who was he?"

...1. Cornelius Vanderbilt 2. John D. Rockefeller 3. Andrew Carnegie 4. John Jacob Astor Astor was born in Germany and immigrated to America in 1784. Ranked third among wealthy Americans historically, he accumulated his wealth in the fur trade. Vanderbilt was an American native of Dutch heritage. Deemed to be the second richest American, he owed his fortune to steamship lines and railroads. Rockefeller was the richest of these early day Americans and might have been the richest man on earth during his lifetime. Oil, oil, oil! His roots have been traced to 17th Century French Huguenots. Some resources list Andrew Carnegie as the fifth wealthiest American after the other three and Stephen Girard. Other resources suggest he might have been the second richest man in the world after Rockefeller. Perhaps because he was such a generous philanthropist, his standing in the hierarchy might have been diminished because he gave large portions of his wealth to charity. Carnegie was born under extremely dire circumstances in Dunfermline, Scotland in 1835. His father operated a weaving loom out of his home and following the industrial revolution when most weaving was mechanized, his family was bordering on starvation. The family immigrated to Pittsburgh in 1848 and Andrew went to work in a cotton mill then later as a telegraph messenger. A quick learner, he advanced in the company but earned his first million by 1864 through shrewd investments in the Pullman Car Co. and the oil business. He was careful to cultivate strategic business contacts and ultimately used them to amass his fortune in the steel industry in the mid 1880s. This quote from one of his essays early in life described his philosophy - "Man must have an idol and the amassing of wealth is one of the worst species of idolatry. No idol is more debasing than the worship of money!" True to his word, when he sold his steel business to J.P. Morgan in 1901, his personal wealth amounted to something in the neighborhood of $400m. In retirement, he started spending it, primarily in endowments for the arts and education including the funding of hundreds of libraries around the globe. At his death in 1919, $30M of his fortune remained and that too was given away.

Step 2 : Answer to the question "5. Of the five richest men ever to live in America pre-1900, one was a native Scot. Who was he?"

Andrew Carnegie:

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